Which fallacy involves attacking the person instead of the argument?

The fallacy that involves attacking the person instead of addressing the argument is known as Ad Hominem. This type of reasoning occurs when someone's character, motives, or other personal attributes are attacked as a means of discrediting their argument, rather than engaging with the content of their claims or positions. It shifts the focus from the actual issue at hand to the individual, undermining logical discussion and critical thinking.

For instance, if person A presents a reasoned argument about climate change, and person B responds by attacking person A's character or irrelevant personal traits instead of the argument itself, that would be an Ad Hominem fallacy. This tactic is commonly used in debates and discussions as an attempt to manipulate opinions rather than provide a substantiated counter-argument. Thus, identifying Ad Hominem is crucial for maintaining a rational and civil discourse, helping to highlight the importance of engaging with the argument rather than the individual advocating it.